Kinini Village - Washed - Rwanda - Light

KININI VILLAGE Northern Province, Rwanda Variety: Red Bourbon Process: Washed Fermentation: 36-48 hrs in fermentation tanks Drying time: 18 days dried on raised beds Altitude: 1800-2200 masl Location: Northern Province, Rulindo District, Rwanda SCA score: 85.75 Traceable to: 24 women in the Abateranankunga ("Supporters") subgroup Community Context ‘Kinini’ means, literally, ‘this big thing right here’. It is the name of the collaboration of cooperatives seeking to pool their efforts to improve their lots. 85% of the members are women– we met this group through the IWCA and found the lot from Tumba Village to be something worth sharing. Kinini is also the name of a washing station and cooperative located in Kinini town, which collects from the neighboring villages of Tumba and Mageragere. To understand how a group can produce 87 point coffee in their first year of production, you have to understand the people behind the coffee. Dreamers. That’s what everyone called Jacquie Turner and Malcolm Clear when they wanted to start a school for children in Eastern Rwanda 10 years ago. Driven by the desire to help the children of the genocide, they made that dream a reality. As they got to know that community they realized that these children needed much more than just education, and consequently, they lobbied the local government and international donors to support the construction of a local pharmacy, micro-finance credit institution, and other services to support the community that supports these children. What these two have accomplished for that community would be more than enough for any of us to hang our hat on and rest on our laurels, but they were not satisfied. Jacquie wanted to do more to help her fellow Rwandans. So she and Malcolm started dreaming again. This time they dream of possibilities in coffee. They wanted to find a way to have generational impact on communities without having to continually fundraise money for aid projects. At this time they didn’t know anything about coffee, but they knew that the Rwandan government was supporting a transition towards specialty coffee. Malcolm and Jacquie wanted to see how far they could leverage that goodwill towards helping a community. They spent years soliciting advice from experts across the coffee industry and traveled all over Rwanda to look for a community that was interested in such a venture and was conducive for growing good coffee. After countless hours walking around farms with agronomists and soil-scientists, they settled on an area just an hour north of Kigali. This spot is not only stunning for its views, but its high elevation that dwarfs even the well-known Lake Kivu region. There was only one issue: not a lot of coffee was being grown there. So they dreamt up a solution. What if… they gave farmers coffee to grow? What if… they gave farmers technical support on how to grow good coffee? What if…they gave farmers a washing station to process it? What if…they gave farmers a dry mill to further process it? What if…they set up an export company in Rwanda to sell it, and an import company in the UK to own it even further? What if…10% of the profits went directly to development project investments (in education, health, etc.) What if…they helped organize these farmers so that they could manage themselves and eventually the business without them? What if… It was a lot of dreaming, that was met with a lot of doors being slammed in their face. Set-backs that would deter the most resilient of us did nothing to dissuade these two from their goal. After years of lobbying the local government, the Development Bank of Rwanda, farmers themselves, and countless other parties, their project was finally green-lit in 2014. The structure of the project was unprecedented. Kinini Coffee signed a ‘lease’ on parcels of land owned by various farmers throughout the area. This lease stipulated that Kinini would provide all these farmers with coffee trees, training, and organization. All the farmers had to do was agree to deliver these cherries to the Kinini Washing Station when they fruited in the future, for which they would be paid. For the most part, the chosen parcels sat on unused land that wasn’t being farmed yet. The due-diligence done on this lease took over a year. It was printed in triplicate for every farmer by the lawyers at the local and federal government to make sure farmers weren’t being taken advantage of. They had never seen anything like it. They just kept asking, ‘Why would you invest so much into farmers that have done nothing for you?’. Their answer, ‘Because it’s the right thing to do’. As a sign of good-faith, Malcolm put up his own life-insurance policy as collateral to the loan by the Rwandan Development Bank. They started distributing coffee seedlings to farmers, setting up trainings, building their washing station, and organizing farmers. Their learning curve in coffee was meteoric. Whenever they needed an answer to a coffee question, they would ask three specialists instead of one and triangulate their responses before making the most informed decision. A truly detailed-oriented team. The result? In 2017, three years after the trees had been planted, they had their first harvest of any substantive volume. It was a frenzy of activity. Samples were being sent to different Q-graders around Rwanda for evaluation so they could start to identify different areas for separation in the future. First year issues were being hashed out and triaged as needed. Choices were made not just for the sake of a certifying body, or a 3rd party auditor, but because they were in the best interest of the farmers and the coffee. An example of this was the gender equity trainings they were conducting. They did this not because they were asked to by a certifier, but because they thought it was vitally important to value. Country Context Rwanda’s coffee sector has completely transformed over the past two decades. In 2000, the government put coffee at the center of its agricultural recovery strategy, investing in washing stations and leveraging international partnerships. A 2002 cupping event in Kigali marked the start of Rwanda’s specialty story: from virtually zero specialty-grade production, to more than half of national output by 2018. Today, washing stations operate in 26 of 30 districts, and coffee is a crop that touches nearly every community. Almost all Rwandan coffee comes from smallholders, many tied to one of 200+ cooperatives. Ninety-nine percent is exported, with attention focused largely on washed processing, though an increasing range of high-quality natural and honey process offerings continue making headway among quality-focused producers and buyers. In 2017, the government introduced zoning laws that required farmers to deliver cherry only to designated mills within their zone. The goal was to curb middlemen who bought cherry cheaply in remote areas, but the policy also reduced farmer choice and, in some cases, disrupted long-standing cooperative relationships. Some stations benefited with enlarged catchments; others saw their supply shrink overnight. Post-pandemic, a surge in new washing stations brought heightened competition, logistical strain, and volatility. The zoning restriction was eliminated in 2023, but the government retained a standardized minimum cherry price. In practice, buyers often compete above that floor, and “unofficial” pricing—already present during the zoning era—has only intensified since its repeal. Farmers now have the potential for greater leverage and higher cherry prices, while exporters and washing stations face new challenges around traceability, consistency, and sustainability in an increasingly competitive market.