Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto)

Gramma loreto, commonly known as the Royal Gramma, is a vibrant and highly popular reef fish recognized for its striking two-tone coloration. The front half of the body displays a vivid royal purple transitioning sharply into a bright golden-yellow posterior, creating one of the most iconic color combinations in the marine aquarium hobby. Its peaceful nature, hovering behavior, and compatibility with reef systems make it an excellent addition to both beginner and advanced aquariums. Native to Caribbean reef environments, the Royal Gramma naturally inhabits caves and overhangs, often swimming upside down beneath ledges while defending a small territory. Lighting: Moderate; coloration remains vibrant under standard reef lighting Flow: Low to moderate; prefers calmer areas with access to rockwork and shelter Placement: Lower to mid-level areas with caves, crevices, and shaded rock structures Temperature: 75–80°F (24–27°C) Salinity: 1.0265 SG (35 PPT) pH: 8.1–8.4 Alkalinity: 8–10 dKH Diet: Carnivorous; accepts a wide variety of foods including mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, pellets, and frozen preparations Aggression: Peaceful to semi-aggressive; may defend its territory against similar-shaped fish or other basslets Adult Size: Up to 8 cm Care Level: Easy – hardy and well suited for most established marine aquariums Compatibility: Reef-safe; compatible with most peaceful community fish and reef invertebrates