ARENAS OF CONSPIRACY AND REBELLION IN THE LATE NINETEENTH-CENTURY PHILIPPINES: THE CASE OF THE APRIL 1898 UPRISING IN CEBU BY MICHAEL CULLINANE

A scholarly examination of late nineteenth-century Philippine society, this book investigates the networks of conspiracy and rebellion that shaped the 1890s—with particular focus on the 1898 anti-Spanish uprising in Cebu City. Through detailed socio-political analysis, it illuminates the Katipunan movement (1892–1896) and the two pivotal social groups driving change: *empleados* (office clerks and scribes in colonial and commercial institutions) and *principales* (municipal leaders and officeholders). Essential reading for understanding how these transformations rippled across the archipelago during a defining moment in Philippine history.