ISOkine® TNF-alpha Human, Animal-Free Recombinant Protein

Description ISOkine® TNF-alpha Human, Animal-Free Recombinant Protein is a high-purity, bioactive growth factor expressed in barley grain and provided as a lyophilized powder. The protein produced under ISO 9001:2015 conditions contains 157 amino acids and an N-terminal 16 amino acid histidine tag for a total length of 173 amino acids and has a predicted molecular mass of 18.2 kDa. ISOkine® growth factors and cytokines are animal-free (AOF/ACF), serum-free, and void of antibiotics, endotoxins, viruses, and prions. Summary Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a member of the TNF ligand superfamily, is among others, secreted by macrophages, activated monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. TNF-alpha shows approximately 30% homology with TNF-beta. TNF-alpha plays an important role in the regulation of immune cells. TNF-alpha has many biological activities, including a cytotoxic effect to various tumor cells, causes inflammation, cellular proliferation and plays a critical role in mediating resistance to bacterial infections. Human and murine TNF-alpha show approximately 79% homology and human TNF-alpha is active on murine cells with a slightly reduced specific activity. Source Expression Host: Produced in the endosperm tissue of barley grain (Hordeum vulgare) plants. Manufacturer: ORF Genetics Country of Origin: Iceland Formulation 2xPBS pH 7.2, sterile filtered through 0.22 µm filter Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE gel analysis. Reconstitution Always centrifuge the vial before opening. It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized protein in sterile buffered saline to a concentration of no less than 100 µg/ml. For long-term storage of the reconstituted solution, it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Stability The lyophilized protein, though stable at room temperature for a few weeks, is best stored at -20°C. Reconstituted protein should be used immediately or stored in working aliquots at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Biological Activity Each batch of ISOkine® growth factors is tested for bioactivity and verified to have comparable activity to a commercial source. The bioactivity of ISOkine® recombinant human TNF-alpha is assayed by measuring its dose-dependent effect on the proliferation of actinomycin-D sensitized L929 cells. The ED50 for this effect using TNF-alpha is typically <0.4 ng/ml. Optimal concentration should be determined for specific applications and cell lines. Endotoxin Level Endotoxin level is < 0.01 EU per μg of ISOkine® product by LAL method. Pyrogen Free Purified ISOkine® product carries no pyrogenic or pro-inflammatory contaminants, as assayed with monocyte activation test (MAT Assay) using Human 10-plex Cytokine Assay measuring IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta induction. Usage This product is intended for laboratory research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. This product may not be used as a pharmaceutical or veterinary drug, agricultural product, or food additive. Synonyms Human Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Human TNF-alpha, TNF alpha, TNF-a, TNF-α, TNF α, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF, TNFa, Cachectin, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNFSF2, UniProtKB# P01375. Documents Product Datasheet (PDS) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Certificate of Origin (CoO) Product References Cuomo, Francesca et al. “HIF3A Inhibition Triggers Browning of White Adipocytes via Metabolic Rewiring.” Frontiers in cell and developmental biology vol. 9 740203. 12 Jan. 2022, doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.740203 Cuomo, Francesca et al. “Pro-inflammatory cytokines activate hypoxia-inducible factor 3α via epigenetic changes in mesenchymal stromal/stem cells.” Scientific reports vol. 8,1 5842. 11 Apr. 2018, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24221-5 Lampronti, Ilaria et al. “Differential Effects of Angelicin Analogues on NF-κB Activity and IL-8 Gene Expression in Cystic Fibrosis IB3-1 Cells.” Mediators of inflammation vol. 2017 (2017): 2389487. doi:10.1155/2017/2389487 Kerr, Markus C et al. “Laser-mediated rupture of chlamydial inclusions triggers pathogen egress and host cell necrosis.” Nature communications vol. 8 14729. 10 Mar. 2017, doi:10.1038/ncomms14729 Related Products ISOkine® Premium Animal-Free Growth Factors & Cytokines Cytokines & Growth Factors TNF-alpha Human, E. coli Recombinant Protein TNF-alpha Mouse, E. coli Recombinant Protein TNF-alpha Rat, E. coli Recombinant Protein Ilex Life Sciences LLC is an authorized worldwide distributor of ISOkine® growth factors & cytokines manufactured by ORF Genetics Ltd.