--- Testosterone UP RED is a unique 2-in-1 formula for men of all ages. The key ingredients at the center of this amazing product are LJ100® Longjack and L-Citrulline.* --- Testosterone UP RED is designed to help enhance male vitality and performance by boosting testosterone levels already within the normal range, and supporting nitric oxide to enhance male physical activity.* --- Ginseng: Testosterone UP RED also features Asian Ginseng, traditionally used as a revitalizing tonic, and Ginkgo extract traditionally used to help support blood circulation.* This product can be taken daily for ongoing maintenance of men’s vitality and well-being.* Testosterone Boost: As men age, testosterone levels start to decline. This male sex hormone is known to promote vitality and is involved in mood, sex drive, muscle mass and muscle strength.* This formula features LJ100 Longjack, a patented extract that preliminary research suggests helps maintain testosterone levels already within a normal range.* Nitric Oxide Boost: Nitric Oxide is a naturally-occurring compound in the body that plays a key role in cardiovascular health.* Nitric Oxide is produced in the inner lining of blood vessels and helps to relax and dilate vessels, allowing more blood flow throughout the body. This unique formula features L-Citrulline, an amino acid that is readily converted to L-Arginine, which can then be converted into Nitric Oxide within the body. If you’re looking for how to improve testosterone as part of your daily routine, this formula offers a convenient option to support your goals. It’s a great choice for men exploring testosterone supplements to support maintaining vitality and overall well-being.* Details on Testosterone UP RED™ Boosts Testosterone and Increases Production Testosterone UP RED™ features LJ100®, a patented extract of the herb Eurycoma longifolia, which helps maintain testosterone levels already within a normal range in men. Research shows LJ100® to enhance total testosterone for bodily needs.[4] This formula also provides Tribulus and Fenugreek, traditional botanicals that may support healthy testosterone levels. Tribulus may stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) to signal production of testosterone.[5] Inhibits Conversion to DHT (Dihydrotestosterone) Always a working organism, the male body is not hormonally static. Testosterone is often converted into other hormones like dihydrotestosterone (aka DHT - which may contribute to hair loss). One ingredient in this formula helps to preserve testosterone in pure form, for greater circulation in the body. Beta-sitosterols act like 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. 5-alpha-reductase is an enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT, and inhibition will halt this conversion.[6,7] Boosts Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide is a naturally-occurring compound in the body that plays a key role in cardiovascular health. Nitric Oxide is produced in the inner lining of blood vessels and helps to relax and dilate vessels, allowing more blood to flow throughout the body. This unique formula features L-Citrulline, an amino acid that is readily converted to L-Arginine, which can then be converted into Nitric Oxide within the body.[8,9] Testosterone UP RED™ also features Asian Ginseng traditionally used in energy-boosting formulas and Ginkgo as well as Cayenne, traditionally used to help support blood circulation. In addition, Ginkgo and Ginseng have been shown to support Nitric Oxide synthesis in animal studies and in vitro.[10,11] Testosterone UP RED™ also includes beetroot, which naturally contains nitrates that can be used to produce nitric oxide in the body.[12] Medium Chain Triglycerides As the word "Medium" denotes, MCTs are shorter than Long Chain Triglycerides (such as fish oil and flax oil). This reduction in molecular weight means they're absorbed much faster and immediately converted into cellular energy. The result is a quick burst of energy for the body.[13] In one study, polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet were correlated with higher testosterone levels. Added Medium Chain Triglycerides ("good fats") may provide overall support via their beneficial fatty acid content. Enhanced Bio-Availability BioPerine®, a concentrated extract of black pepper, is an important ingredient in all Irwin Naturals® products. Clinically studied in numerous trials, this botanical extract enhances the bioavailability of many of the ingredients in our formulations. When combined with Ginger to create a traditional Ayurvedic blend, the Irwin Naturals® BioPerine® Complex takes bioavailability to the next level. Summary Testosterone UP RED™ is a unique 2-in-1 formula for men of all ages. It is designed to help enhance male vitality and performance by boosting testosterone levels already within the normal range and supporting nitric oxide to enhance male physical response during any physical activity. The key ingredients at the center of this amazing product are LJ100® Longjack and L-Citrulline. This product can be taken daily for ongoing maintenance of men's health and well-being. Works Cited Feldman, Henry et al. "Age Trends in the Level of Serum Testosterone and Other Hormones in Middle-Aged Men: Longitudinal Results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 87(2):589–598 (2002). Rhoden, Ernani et al. "Risk of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy and Recommendations for Monitoring." New England Journal of Medicine. 350:482-92 (2004). Stellato, Rebecca et al. "Testosterone, Sex Hormone–Binding Globulin, and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged Men." Diabetes Care. Volume 23, Number 4 (2000). Tambi, Mohd et al. "Eurycoma longifolia jack: a potent adaptogen in the form of water-soluble extract (LJ100®) with the effect of maintaining men’s health." Asian Journal of Andrology. Volume 8, Issue 5, Supplement 1 (2006). Akram M. & al. "Tribulus terrestris Linn.: A review article." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol.5(16), pp.3601-3605, 18 August (2011). Kao, Yeh-Chih et al. "Molecular Basis of the Inhibition of Human Aromatase (Estrogen Synthetase) by Flavone and Isoflavone Phytoestrogens: A Site-directed Mutagenesis Study." Environmental Health Perspectives. Volume 106, Number 2 (1998). Lowe, Franklin et al. "Phytotherapy in Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Review." Urology. 48(1) (1996). Schwedhelm, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of oral L-Citrulline and L-Arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmaco. 65(1): 51–59 (2007). Romero, et al. Therapeutic Use of Citrulline in Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovascular Drug Review. 24(3–4): 275–290 (2006). Chen, X. & Lee, T. J. Ginsenosides-induced nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of the rabbit corpus cavernosum. Br. J. Pharmacol. 115, 15–18 (1995). Koltermann, A. et al. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 increases endothelial nitric oxide production in vitro and in vivo. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. CMLS 64, 1715–1722 (2007). Jones, A. M. Dietary Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance. Sports Med. Auckl. Nz 44, 35-45 (2014). Bach, et al. Medium-Chain Triglycerides: an Update. Am J Clin Nutr. 36(5):950-962 (1982). Key, T.J et al. "Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, calculated free testosterone, and oestradiol in male vegans and omnivores." British Journal of Nutrition. Jul;64(1):111-9 (1990). ---