Imperial German Navy Kiel Volldampf Voraus Hand-Painted Goblet
This substantial Imperial German naval souvenir goblet dates most plausibly from the closing years of the Wilhelmine period, circa 1903–1918. Standing approximately 8.5 inches tall, it combines a finely painted steam warship, the Imperial German naval ensign, the port name “Kiel,” and the patriotic nautical exhortation “Volldampf voraus!” The German inscription translates directly as “Full steam ahead!” The composition reflects the intense naval enthusiasm that accompanied Germany’s rapid expansion as a maritime power under Kaiser Wilhelm II. The goblet is formed from clear glass with a tall, slightly tapering bowl, an elongated plain stem, and a broad circular foot. Its proportions are more formal than those of an ordinary drinking tumbler and give the piece the appearance of a commemorative wine or toasting glass. The upper rim was originally finished with a narrow gilded band, portions of which remain visible beneath considerable age-related rubbing and oxidation. The principal decoration is executed in detailed polychrome enamel painting. A two-funnel Imperial German steam warship is shown moving through a dark, choppy sea with dense black smoke issuing from both funnels. The vessel is rendered in profile with a long dark hull, raised central superstructure, deck railings, masts, and additional fittings suggested in fine black linework. The artist employed restrained shades of gray, black, white, and blue, producing an unusually atmospheric maritime scene rather than a brightly colored decorative image. The ship is likely intended as a representative Imperial German cruiser or fleet vessel rather than a portrait of a specifically identifiable warship. No ship name, hull designation, unit inscription, or sufficiently distinctive structural arrangement is present to justify assigning it to a particular vessel. The word “Kiel,” engraved beneath the painted scene near the junction of the bowl and stem, identifies the important German naval port rather than the name of the depicted ship. Above the vessel is a large representation of the Imperial German naval war ensign. The flag displays a white field divided by a black cross, a central crowned Prussian eagle, and a black, white, and red canton bearing an Iron Cross. The pattern most closely corresponds to the revised Imperial naval ensign introduced in 1903, in which the cross and central eagle device were made more visually prominent. This provides a reasonable earliest date for the goblet, while the Imperial symbolism establishes an upper date of 1918. The flag is shown dramatically billowing over the warship and is attached to a painted golden-brown staff. Its canton retains the black, white, and red national colors of the German Empire, while the central eagle is accented with small areas of yellow, red, and blue. The flag’s enlarged scale was intentional: it functions less as a literal flag carried by the vessel and more as a patriotic emblem uniting the ship, the navy, and the German Empire in a single decorative composition. Encircling the upper bowl is the etched or enamel-painted inscription “Volldampf voraus!” The phrase translates as “Full steam ahead!” and was particularly appropriate to the Imperial German Navy during the transition from the older ironclad fleets of the nineteenth century to the turbine-powered battleships, battlecruisers, cruisers, destroyers, and auxiliary vessels of the early twentieth century. It carried both a literal nautical meaning and a broader patriotic implication of technological progress, determination, and national advancement. Similar expressions appeared on Imperial German naval reservist pieces, commemorative steins, flasks, glasses, postcards, and other commercially produced souvenirs. Such objects were purchased by sailors, reservists, naval families, visitors to major ports, and civilians who participated in the widespread enthusiasm surrounding the fleet. The absence of a personal name, service dates, company designation, or ship inscription indicates that this goblet was probably produced as a high-quality patriotic souvenir rather than as an individually commissioned reservist presentation. Kiel occupied a central position within the history of the Imperial German Navy. Located on the Baltic coast of Schleswig-Holstein, it developed into one of Germany’s principal naval bases, alongside Wilhelmshaven on the North Sea. Kiel housed major naval facilities, training institutions, shipyards, dockyards, and fleet units. Its geographic position became still more important after the opening of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, now the Kiel Canal, which provided a strategic passage between the Baltic and North Seas without requiring German warships to sail around Denmark. The rapid enlargement of the fleet during the reign of Wilhelm II was closely associated with Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz and the naval legislation passed beginning in the late 1890s. These programs transformed the Imperial German Navy from a force primarily concerned with coastal defense into a modern battle fleet intended to support German diplomatic and imperial ambitions. Kiel became one of the most visible centers of this development, and its harbor regularly contained battleships, cruisers, torpedo craft, training vessels, and naval auxiliaries. The goblet therefore belongs to a broader material culture created around Germany’s prewar naval expansion. Naval imagery appeared on household ceramics, drinking vessels, tobacco tins, postcards, children’s games, textiles, and decorative glassware. These objects helped bring the symbols of the fleet into civilian homes and reinforced the idea that naval power represented industrial modernity, national prestige, and Germany’s place among the major world powers. The painted ship should not be interpreted as a battleship solely because it appears beneath the Imperial war ensign. Its relatively slender hull, two funnels, and modest superstructure are more suggestive of a cruiser, dispatch vessel, or generalized steam warship. Period souvenir painters frequently combined recognizable naval characteristics without attempting a technically exact rendering of a named vessel. In the absence of an identifying inscription, any attribution to a specific cruiser or battleship would be speculative. The surviving decoration is notably detailed for a single souvenir glass. The sea is built from layered gray, blue, black, and white brushwork, giving the impression of movement beneath the hull. Smoke from the funnels is shaded rather than simply outlined, and the superstructure contains numerous small railings, platforms, and deck fittings. The flag retains strong contrast, with the black cross and canton remaining immediately recognizable against the clear glass. Condition is good and substantially complete, with age and use clearly visible. The painted naval scene and flag retain the majority of their original decoration, though scattered rubbing, minor scratches, and small areas of pigment loss are present. The white inscription remains legible but becomes less distinct where viewed through the curved bowl and reflected light. The narrow gilded rim exhibits substantial wear and darkening, with the original gold largely reduced to intermittent traces. The lip also displays scattered small flakes, nicks, and irregular roughness consistent with prolonged handling and use. No large section of the rim appears absent, and no major crack is evident in the supplied photographs, but the edge should be regarded as worn rather than pristine. A small area of old paper label or adhesive residue is present on the stem. The foot and stem remain intact, and the goblet continues to stand correctly. Despite the rim wear, the piece remains a historically meaningful example of Imperial German naval souvenir glass. Its large format, hand-painted warship, full Imperial naval ensign, Kiel inscription, and complete patriotic motto give it considerably greater display presence than the simpler glasses bearing only a flag or Iron Cross. It would complement a collection of Kaiserliche Marine reservist material, patriotic home-front objects, naval photographs, shipboard souvenirs, or Imperial German decorative glass.